techwiki:ubuntu

Ubuntu 16 and 17

Install App with Ubuntu Software

  • Before you install App, in the Ubuntu Software menu > Software and Update, make sure Download From drop down list choose the server in or close to your location. so that install and all process is faster.
code editor notepadqq
C# MonoDevelop

VSCode

  • (optional if you have curl)
    sudo apt-get install curl
  • install code from cmd (https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/setup/linux)
    curl https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | gpg --dearmor > microsoft.gpg
    sudo mv microsoft.gpg /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/microsoft.gpg
    sudo sh -c 'echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/vscode stable main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/vscode.list'
    sudo apt-get update
    sudo apt-get install code
  • reboot and launch with
    code
  • install git for code
    sudo apt-get install git
3D app Blender
2D app Krita
Video Editor KDEnLive
FTP FileZilla
Local Transfer Dukto
sudo apt-get install gdebi
wget download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/colomboem/xUbuntu_12.04/amd64/dukto_6.0-1_amd64.deb
sudo gdebi dukto_6.0-1_amd64.deb
rm dukto_6.0-1_amd64.deb
echo "Now Dukto is in your app list"
  • Ubuntu software can be buggy and server connection may be slow;
  • apt-get command way of install App can be stable and you can see exactly what is going on

Install Git

  • command
    sudo apt-get install git
  • git usage example, get a clone copy of a github folder
    git clone https://github.com/ninja-ide/ninja-ide

Install KDE or MATE desktop environment

Custom Folder Location in Linux

  • other than your Home folder /home/your_name/ (~), you may want to put thing in a custom folder, like D:/ drive in your windows system,
  • As you know, Linux / root directory is like your C:/ drive, all system folders are there and not for your to change (aka Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) for linux)
Linux Windows
Super User (root)
/root main OS like Windows folder
/sbin system binary, like System32 in windows
Normal User
/bin system command binary, includes bash, mv,rm; \Windows\System32\ or \Windows\SysWOW64
system
boot boot loader
lib kernel modules and library
mnt partition path
media removable storage path
dev device drivers
proc system info and status folder
etc configuration file for system, like etc folder in windows
var log folder
usr system Program Files
/usr/sbin system Program Files bundled with OS
/usr/bin user shared system Program Files for all users
opt 3rd party Program Files for all users
srv serivce folder
user
home user home directory
  • command
    sudo mkdir /d
    sudo chmod 777 /d

Technical Tips

New since U16 old way description
apt install apt-get install Installs a package
apt remove apt-get remove Removes a package
apt purge apt-get purge Removes package with configuration
apt update apt-get update Refreshes repository index
apt upgrade apt-get upgrade Upgrades all upgradable packages
apt autoremove apt-get autoremove Removes unwanted packages
apt full-upgrade apt-get dist-upgrade Upgrades packages with auto-handling of dependencies
apt search apt-cache search Searches for the program
apt show apt-cache show Shows package details
  • install f3write and f3read tool by type: sudo apt-install f3
  • test write and read on flash mount directory
    f3write /media/username/flash_drive_label_name
    # after done, 
    f3read /media/username/flash_drive_label_name
  • list device name and mount point
    lsblk
  • list mount point
    mount
  • check device plugin notice
    dmesg
  1. check sum for verify file corrupt
    sha256sum linux_os_disk.iso
  2. then search online for verify the sum code is same as online provided one
  3. umount usb
    umount /dev/sdb1_like_part_name_for_usb
  4. write
    dd if=linux_os_disk.iso of=/dev/sdb_like_device_Disk_name_check_above
    • if you got error when boot that finished usb like “isolinux.bin missing or corrupt”, means you had dd into its partition with a number instead of sdb_name_like device. use lsblk again to see the name for the DISK or PART

Problem and Fix

  • Problem Analysis:
    • Software Updater (apt manager) is daily update at startup and lock apt.
  • Solution A:
    • change Software Updater (search in Ubuntu app manager) > Launch > Setting > Update tab > change to 2 weeks for every checking
  • Solution B:
    • code to change it
      sudo systemctl mask apt-daily.service
      sudo systemctl mask apt-daily.timer
      sudo systemctl mask apt-daily-upgrade.service
      sudo systemctl mask apt-daily-upgrade.timer
  • techwiki/ubuntu.txt
  • Last modified: 2021/08/28 08:54
  • by ying