pip3 install --upgrade pip
Situation:
Solution:
# in code editor, using Regular Expression to replace find: (print)\s(.+) replace: $1\($2\) or \1(\2) depending on your code editor
# python 2 reload reload(myModule) # python 3 reload from imp import reload reload(myModule) # python 2 execfile execfile("testScript.py") # python 3 exec(open("testScript.py").read(), globals())
if sys.version_info[:3][0]>=3: import importlib reload = importlib.reload # add reload raw_input = input # add raw_input xrange = range # range long = int # int unicode = str # str
35/60 = 0 # py2 35//60 = 0 # py2 , always use // for calculate minutes and seconds 35/60 = 0.583 #py3 35//60 = 0 # py3
My Wiki Page related
to read:
# single comment
'''
line 1
line 2
'''
######################################## # a major block of asset (40x#) ######################################## #------------------------------ # a function collection (30x-) #------------------------------ # ---- section comment ---- # function section tip def ________Loading_Functions________(): # 8x_ pass
@echo off call python %~dp0\\MyPythonScript.py
set myScriptPath to path to me set myScriptFolderPath to POSIX path of (container of myScriptPath as string) -- in "/" form set myScriptName to name of myScriptPath tell application "Terminal" do script with command "python /path_to_script/myScript.py" end tell
os.path.expanduser('~') # return home directory, in Maya it return document, in windows, it return user dir os.getenv("HOME") # return home directory os.getenv("USERPROFILE") # return user profile directory
import sys import codecs sys.stdout = codecs.getwriter('utf8')(sys.stdout)
import sys print(sys.executable) # the python cmd or app containing the python call path
import ModuleName os.path.dirname(ModuleName.__file__)
os.path.dirname(__file__)
self.location = os.path.realpath(sys.modules[self.__class__.__module__].__file__) self.location = os.path.abspath(inspect.getfile(self.__class__))
self.__class__.__name__
os.path.basename(os.path.normpath('/folderA/folderB/folderC/folderD/')) # 'folderD'
file_name = os.path.basename(file_path).rsplit('.',1)[0] import pathlib file_name_2 = pathlib.Path(file_path).stem
os.path.abspath(__file__) os.path.realpath(__file__)
os.path.relpath(childPath, parentPath) # get the sub path only based on parent Path os.path.commonprefix(list_of_paths) # get the common parent path of all input pathes
from sys import platform def get_platform(): if platform.startswith('win'): return 'windows' elif platform.startswith('darwin'): return 'mac' return 'linux' import sys pyMode = '.'.join([ str(n) for n in sys.version_info[:3] ]) print("Python: {0}".format(pyMode)) is_64bits = sys.maxsize > 2**32 print(is_64bits)
os.path.exists(myPath):
result_list = [x for x in os.listdir(scanPath) if os.path.isdir(os.path.join(scanPath,x))] # isdir for folder, isfile for file cur_pattern = re.compile('\d{3}_\d{4}') # match 000_0000 name pattern result_list = [x for x in result_list if cur_pattern.match(x)] # jpg name example jpg_list = [x.rsplit('.',1)[0] for x in os.listdir(scanPath) if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(scanPath,x)) and x.lower().endswith('.jpg')]
os.rename(os.path.join(parentPath,old_name), os.path.join(parentPath,new_name))
# file move within same drive os.rename("/sourcePath/fileName.ext", "/targetPath/fileName.ext") os.replace("/sourcePath/fileName.ext", "/targetPath/fileName.ext") # work for folder and file and cross disk drive shutil.move("/sourcePath/fileName.ext", "/targetPath/fileName.ext")
os.system('move "%s\%s" "%s\zBk.%s"' % (rootDir,oldPreset,rootDir,oldPreset)) os.system('mklink /D "%s\%s" "%s\%s"' % (rootDir,oldPreset,resDir,newPreset))
def getSetup(): if hasattr(sys, 'frozen'): return 'frozen' elif is_packaged(): return 'packaged' return 'source'
# ref: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/16249440/changing-file-permission-in-python import os import stat os.chmod("R:\\folder\\permit.txt", stat.S_IRUSR | stat.S_IRGRP | stat.S_IROTH) # user, group, other readonly
PS_key = _winreg.OpenKey(_winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,"SOFTWARE\\Adobe\\Photoshop\\12.0") # may need check version no. PS_APP = _winreg.QueryValueEx(PS_key, 'ApplicationPath')[0] + 'Photoshop.exe' def ps_loc_win(): import _winreg regKey = _winreg.OpenKey(_winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, "SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\App Paths\\Photoshop.exe") regPath = _winreg.QueryValueEx(regKey, 'Path')[0] + 'Photoshop.exe' return regPath
subprocess.call('nircmd.exe setdefaultsounddevice "Speakers"') # need download nircmd
import ctypes, sys def is_admin(): try: return ctypes.windll.shell32.IsUserAnAdmin() except: return False if is_admin(): # Code of your program here else: # Re-run the program with admin rights ctypes.windll.shell32.ShellExecuteW(None, "runas", sys.executable, "", None, 1)
# pywin32 : sourceforge.net/projects/pywin32/files/pywin32/ import win32com.shell.shell as shell commands = 'echo hi' shell.ShellExecuteEx(lpVerb='runas', lpFile='cmd.exe', lpParameters='/c '+commands)
import win32serviceutil serviceName = "serviceName" win32serviceutil.RestartService(serviceName)
import glob def getDirData(top, maxDepth=1): res = [] for d in range( 1, maxDepth+2 ): maxGlob = "/".join( "*" * d ) topGlob = os.path.join( top, maxGlob ) allFiles = glob.glob( topGlob ) res.extend( allFiles ) #someFiles.extend( [ f for f in allFiles if fnmatch.fnmatch( os.path.basename( f ), fnMask ) ] ) return res import os def getDirData( top, maxDepth=1): # ref: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7159607/list-directories-with-a-specified-depth-in-python # py3 option: better with scandir, # py2 has: https://github.com/benhoyt/scandir top = os.path.normpath(top) res = [] root_len = len(top) #+len(os.path.sep) for root,dirs,files in os.walk(top, topdown=True): depth = root[root_len:].count(os.path.sep) if depth < maxDepth: res += [os.path.join(root, d) for d in dirs] res += [os.path.join(root, f) for f in files] elif depth == maxDepth: res += [os.path.join(root, d) for d in dirs] res += [os.path.join(root, f) for f in files] dirs[:] = [] # Don't recurse any deeper return res # detail inf: https://benhoyt.com/writings/scandir/ # can use with maya 2017 by zip out _scandir.pyd and scandir.py: (scandir-1.10.0-cp27-cp27m-win_amd64.whl) https://pypi.org/project/scandir/1.10.0/#files tmp_path = r'D:\PyLib\scandir27x64' tmp_path in sys.path or sys.path.append(tmp_path) import scandir def getDirData(top, maxDepth=1): # py3.5 has built in, only for 2.7 # https://github.com/benhoyt/scandir top = os.path.normpath(top) res = [] root_len = len(top)#+len(os.path.sep) for root,dirs,files in scandir.walk(top, topdown=True): depth = root[root_len:].count(os.path.sep) if depth < maxDepth: res += [os.path.join(root, d) for d in dirs] res += [os.path.join(root, f) for f in files] elif depth == maxDepth: res += [os.path.join(root, d) for d in dirs] res += [os.path.join(root, f) for f in files] dirs[:] = [] # Don't recurse any deeper return res # test import time start = time.time() result = getDirData(r'R:\ServerFolder\RootDir',5) end = time.time() print('used: {}s'.format(end - start))
import shutil # copy: return target path, target can be file or folder shutil.copy('d:/z_tmp/aa.jpg','d:/z_tmp/bb.jpg') shutil.copyfile('d:/z_tmp/aa.jpg','d:/z_tmp/dd.jpg') ''' # result modified date change 02/06/2017 02:13 PM 193,399 aa.jpg 12/09/2017 12:06 PM 193,399 bb.jpg 12/09/2017 12:06 PM 193,399 dd.jpg ''' shutil.copy2('d:/z_tmp/aa.jpg','d:/z_tmp/bb.jpg') ''' # result keeps modified date 02/06/2017 02:13 PM 193,399 aa.jpg 02/06/2017 02:13 PM 193,399 cc.jpg '''
import shutil, errno def copyFolder(src, dst): try: shutil.copytree(src, dst) # folder structure only except OSError as exc: # python >2.5 if exc.errno == errno.ENOTDIR: shutil.copy2(src, dst) # file only with same date, or copy for current date else: raise # or use this distutils.dir_util.copy_tree(src_folder, tgt_folder)
# ref: http://blog.csdn.net/liyuan_669/article/details/25346645 # folder content to target folder content. created folders seams not same date, but file same date import os import shutil def copy_tree(src, dst, symlinks=False): names = os.listdir(src) if not os.path.isdir(dst): os.makedirs(dst) errors = [] for name in names: srcname = os.path.join(src, name) dstname = os.path.join(dst, name) try: if symlinks and os.path.islink(srcname): linkto = os.readlink(srcname) os.symlink(linkto, dstname) elif os.path.isdir(srcname): copy_tree(srcname, dstname, symlinks) else: # perform overrides if os.path.isdir(dstname): os.rmdir(dstname) elif os.path.isfile(dstname): os.remove(dstname) shutil.copy2(srcname, dstname) # other case like: devices, sockets etc. except (IOError, os.error) as why: errors.append((srcname, dstname, str(why))) # catch the Error from the recursive copy_tree so that we can # continue with other files except OSError as err: errors.extend(err.args[0]) try: shutil.copystat(src, dst) except WindowsError: # can't copy file access times on Windows pass except OSError as why: errors.extend((src, dst, str(why))) if errors: raise Error(errors) copy_tree('E:/book', 'E:/newbook')
src = 'd:/z_tmp/aa.jpg' tgt = 'd:/z_tmp/sys_copy.jpg' os.system('copy {0} {1}'.format(os.path.normpath(src),os.path.normpath(tgt)) ) # normpath will change the slash for win from unix path os.system ("xcopy /s {0} {1}".format(src_dir, tgt_dir))
#ref: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16867615/copy-using-the-windows-copy-dialog import pythoncom from win32com.shell import shell,shellcon def win_copy_process(src_files,tgt_folder): # win32com module pfo = pythoncom.CoCreateInstance(shell.CLSID_FileOperation,None,pythoncom.CLSCTX_ALL,shell.IID_IFileOperation) # Respond with Yes to All for any dialog # ref: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb775799(v=vs.85).aspx pfo.SetOperationFlags(shellcon.FOF_NOCONFIRMATION) # Set the destionation folder dst = shell.SHCreateItemFromParsingName(tgt_folder,None,shell.IID_IShellItem) for f in src_files: src = shell.SHCreateItemFromParsingName(f,None,shell.IID_IShellItem) pfo.CopyItem(src,dst) # Schedule an operation to be performed # ref: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb775780(v=vs.85).aspx success = pfo.PerformOperations() # ref: sdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb775769(v=vs.85).aspx aborted = pfo.GetAnyOperationsAborted() return success and not aborted file_list = [r'D:\z_tmp\aa.jpg',r'D:\z_tmp\bb.jpg'] tgt_folder = r'D:\zTmp' win_copy_process(file_list,tgt_folder)
#ref： http://timgolden.me.uk/python/win32_how_do_i/copy-a-file.html # win32 from win32com.shell import shell, shellcon win32file.CopyFile (filename1, filename2, 1) # win32com : with windows copy dialog shell.SHFileOperation ( (0, shellcon.FO_COPY, filename1, filename2, 0, None, None) ) # for the "0" parameter: # shellcon.FOF_RENAMEONCOLLISION: rename on collision # shellcon.FOF_NOCONFIRMATION: no confirmation dialog and always override # shellcon.FOF_NOERRORUI: no error pop dialog # shellcon.FOF_SILENT: no copying progress dialog # shellcon.FOF_NOCONFIRMMKDIR: no ask for non exist folder, create folder by default
str(myQStringObj) # ascii output unicode(myQStringObj) # unicode output unicode(myQStringObj.toUtf8(), encoding="UTF-8") # decode based on utf8, then encode in utf-8 python string as unicode output
data_list = [row.strip() for row in source_txt.split('\n')]
# coding: utf-8 my_special_string = u"好" print(u"好")
tidy_name = ' '.join(old_name.split()) # just remove extra space tidy_name = re.sub(' +', ' ', old_name) # only space, need strip() to clear end space tidy_name = re.sub('\s{2,}', ' ', old_name) # space, tab, new line, need strip() to clear end space
def my_fun(para1): print para1
for tmpitem in tmplist: print tmpitem if tmp > 0: print 'ok' elif x == 0: print 'zero' else: print 'no' # logic operation x or y x and y not x
try: val = test(A) except: pass # ref: https://teamtreehouse.com/community/scope-of-a-variable
isinstance(Vehicle(), Vehicle) # returns True type(Vehicle()) == Vehicle # returns True isinstance(Truck(), Vehicle) # returns True, takes inheritance type(Truck()) == Vehicle # returns False, take exact class type # check string, both python 2,3 isinstance(my_data, (str, unicode) ) # check list isinstance(my_data, (list, tuple) ) # check not None, note, None is its own type and has only one instance my_vec != None # sometime, it may cause error when = try to read certain way my_vec is not None # this way is preferred to be error free isinstance(my_vec, om.MVector) # this way even better, not only check it is defined and also check its type match # compare type if type(A) is type(B): print('Same Class') # note : is for same object and like pointer comparision, while == is same value comparision
int('42') str(42)
date_text = datetime.date.today().strftime("%Y.%m.%d")
import time start = time.time() print("hello") end = time.time() print(end - start)
import glob os.chdir(path) for file in glob.glob("*.jpg"): print file tmplist=glob.glob('*.[jJ][pP][gG]') # other method: fnmatch and re
name="01_Blue_Sun_DSC08897.jpg" print name[3:-13].replace('_',' ') #Blue Sun# len(str) # string length "hello world".title() 'Hello World' # remove Whitespace on the both sides: s = " \t a string example\t " s = s.strip() # remove Whitespace on the right side: s = s.rstrip() # remove Whitespace on the left side: s = s.lstrip()
Data Type
:,}are similar to what their name suggests - a dictionary. In a dictionary, you have an 'index' of words, and for each of them a definition. In python, the word is called a 'key', and the definition a 'value'[1,2,3] len(arrayName) # size of list # add value to all elements of list my_list=[1,3,5,7,8] new_list = [x+1 for x in my_list] # [2,4,6,8,9] list.append(obj) list.extend(list) list.index(obj) list.count(obj) # count appearance of obj # array to string and string to array sentence = ["there", "is", "no", "spoon"] ' '.join(sentence) #'there is no spoon' list=[3.1,121.2,34.1] ', '.join(map(str,list)) #'3.1, 121.2, 34.1' '3.1, 121.2, 34.1'.split(', ') #['3.1','121.2','34.1'] # 2nd number make how many split point '3.1, 121.2, 34.1'.split(', ',1) #['3.1','121.2, 34.1'] # list sort (modify itself) versionList.sort(reverse=1) # higher to lower versionList.sort() str([-4, -2, 0, 2, 4]) # '[-4,-2,0,2,4]' bb_str ='_'.join(map(str, bb)) # -4_-2_0_2_4 # list compare [-4, -2, 0, 2, 4] == [-4, -2, 0, 2, 3] # false # multiple list operation wMap_zero_Jnt=[x for x in wMap_All_Jnt if x not in wMap_Jnt_tgt] # remove list from list a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] b = [9, 8, 7, 6, 5] common = set(a) & set(b) #[5], no order applied [i for i, j in zip(a, b) if i == j] # [5] for equal-sized lists, which order matters version_list_prefix=["previous","current"] version_list_postfix=["A","B"] version_list_color=["rgb(255, 128, 128)","rgb(85, 170, 255)"] for each,post,color in zip(version_list_prefix,version_list_postfix,version_list_color): print(each+" "+post+" is "+color) # list slice operation # n = len(L) # item = L[index] # seq = L[start:stop] # seq = L[start:stop:step] seq = L[::2] # get every other item, starting with the first seq = L[1::2] # get every other item, starting with the second seq=L[::-1] # reverse reading list list(reversed(seq)) # generate a list reversed L.reverse() # reverse list, it changed original list seq=L[::-2] # reverse reading list, and get every other item list=[1,2,3,4,5,6] seq=list[::-2] # [6,4,2] # list to pair list info = ['name','John', 'age', '17', 'address', 'abc'] info_pair = zip(info[::2], info[1::2]) # [('name', 'John'), ('age', '17'), ('address', 'abc')] # list flatten, and remove duplicates nestList = [[2,3],[1,2,4],[5,6]] flatList = set(sum(nestList,[])) # for small list of 2 level nest # delete a element from list a = [1,2,3,4] del(a[2]) # [1,2,4] # for large list import itertools flatList = set( list(itertools.chain.from_iterable(nestList)) ) # for same type element list, no mix of list and element like [[5],6], as it will error import operator flatList = set( reduce(operator.add, map(list, nestList)) ) # like itertool, but it will not error for mix of list and element situation # for any mix list def flatFn(mainList): newList = [] for each in mainList: if isinstance(each, (list, tuple)): newList.extend( flatFn(each) ) else: newList.append(each) return newList flatList = set( flatFn(nestList) )
# ref: http://www.dotnetperls.com/dictionary-python dict.clear() dict.get(key, default=None) # returns value or default if key not in dictionary dict.has_key(key) dict.items() # a list dict's (key, value) tuple pairs dict.keys() # a list of keys dict.values() # a list of values len(dict) # size of dict #example, obj property dict = {'Name': 'Zara', 'Age': 7, 'Class': 'First'}; #example, obj list dict = {'Alice': '2341', 'Beth': '9102', 'Cecil': '3258'} # delete key my_dict.pop(key_name, None)
set( ("hello", "world", "of", "words", "of", "world") ) # set(['world', 'hello', 'words', 'of']) fib=set( [1,1,2,3,5,8,13] ) prime=set( [2,3,5,7,11,13] ) combine=fib | prime # set([1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 11, 13]) common=fib & prime #set([2, 3, 5, 13]) diff = fib - prime # set([8, 1]) fib ^ prime # combine - common #set([1, 7, 8, 11]) # <, <=, >, >=, ==, !=, in, not in works in set len(fib)=6 max(fib)=13 min(fib)=1 sum(fib)=32 any(set([false,true])) # For sets, Return True if there exists any item which is True. all(set([false,true])) # For sets, Return True if there all items which is True. set.add(new) set.remove(old)
object.__dict__
import FileName FileName.functionName() # call function side that file
__init__.py
import FolderName from FolderName import FileName
import os, sys my_path = os.path.dirname(__file__) my_path in sys.path or sys.path.append(my_path)
help(moduleName) dir(moduleName) #import moduleName #then type moduleName to show location
pydoc moduleName
os.chdir('/my_path/')
import sys sys.path.append("/home/my/python_file_folder") # you need to have python path knows your file location # method 1 import sample sample.abcd() # method 2 from sample import abcd abcd() #method 3 from sample import * abcd()
execfile("testScript.py") # python 3, that one not work, use this one exec(open("testScript.py").read(), globals())
# method 1: python myscript.py arg1 arg2 import sys print 'Number of arguments:', len(sys.argv), 'arguments.' print 'Argument List:', str(sys.argv) # method 2 import getopt, sys
python viewMel.py myMelFunc.mel
import viewMel viewMel.viewMel_html('myMelFunc.mel','mydoc.html')
#view mel lib #a python tool to view mel lib file functionts import sys def viewMel(file): with open(file) as f: for line in f: lineClean=line.strip() if lineClean.startswith('//==') or lineClean.startswith('global proc') or lineClean.startswith('/**'): print lineClean.replace('{','').replace('*/','').replace('/**',' - ') def viewMel_html(melFile,htmlFile): h = open(htmlFile,'w') with open(melFile) as f: h.write('<html><head><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="s1.css"></head>\n<body>'+'\n') for line in f: lineClean=line.strip() if lineClean.startswith('//=='): h.write('<h1>'+lineClean.replace('//==','').replace('=','')+'</h1>'+'\n') elif lineClean.startswith('global proc'): h.write('<h5>'+lineClean.replace('{','').replace('global proc ','')+'</h5>'+'\n') elif lineClean.startswith('/**'): h.write('<p>'+lineClean.replace('*/','').replace('/**',' - ')+'</p>'+'\n') h.write('</body></html>'+'\n') h.close() if __name__=="__main__": viewMel_html(sys.argv[1],sys.argv[1].replace('.mel','.html'))
import webbrowser webbrowser._browsers # list registered browsers new = 2 # open in a new tab, if possible # open a public URL, in this case, the webbrowser docs url = "http://docs.python.org/library/webbrowser.html" webbrowser.open(url,new=new) # for using firefox, note, firefox needs to be default or in the system environment path webbrowser.get('firefox').open(url,new=2) # open an HTML file on my own (Windows) computer url = "file://X:/MiscDev/language_links.html" webbrowser.open(url,new=new)
os.path.isfile(path)
# delete a file os.remove(tmpitem) # check exist of a file if not os.path.exists(tmpJPG): print tmpitem # get file with a certain name pattern in a directory and all its sub-directories scanDir = r'D:\scanDir_start_dir' my_list = [] for (dirpath, dirnames, filenames) in os.walk(scanDir): my_list.extend( [ os.path.join(dirpath, x) for x in filenames if re.match('[a-zA-Z]+_lang_.+\.json', x) ] ) # get file with a certain name pattern in a directory [x for x in os.listdir(scanDir) if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(scanDir, x)) and re.match('MyApp_lang_.+\.json', x) ] [x for x in glob.glob(os.path.join(scanDir,'MyApp_lang_*.json')) if os.path.isfile(x) ]
with open(fname) as f: content = f.readlines() with open(fname) as f: for line in f: #do something with line
import os import urllib curdir = os.getcwd() os.chdir(parentDir) file_list_en = os.listdir('.') # this is ok ascii list file_list_cn = os.listdir(u'.') # this u fix extreme non-ascii names for i in xrange(len(file_list_en)): itemName = file_list_en[i] print(itemName) if itemName.startswith('%'): # convert %AA cn name to unicode new_fixName1 = urllib.unquote(itemName).decode('utf8').replace('+',' ') # then remove cn chars new_itemName2 = ''.join([c for c in new_fixName1 if ord(c) < 128 ]).replace('?','').replace('+',' ').strip() if itemName != new_itemName2: print([itemName,new_itemName2]) os.rename(itemName,new_itemName2) else: itemName = file_list_cn[i] # for non ascii names # just remove cn chars new_itemName = ''.join([c for c in itemName if ord(c) < 128 ]).replace('?','').replace('+',' ').strip() if itemName != new_itemName: print([itemName,new_itemName]) os.rename(itemName,new_itemName) os.chdir(curdir)
import linecache linecache.getline('/path_to_file.txt', 2) # get 2nd line of text, the first line is no. 1, unlike 0 in arrary
import sys import fileinput for i, line in enumerate(fileinput.input('color_test.htm', inplace=1)): #sys.stdout.write(line.replace('colour','color')) if line.find('color') > -1: color=line.split(';',1)[0] color=color.split('color',1)[1] sys.stdout.write(line.replace('</span',(color+'</span'))) else: sys.stdout.write(line)
my_filePath = '/your_path/intermedia_folders/file.ext' # method 1: these 2 lines only create last leaf folder, won't deal all the inbetween folders if not os.path.isdir(os.path.dirname(my_filePath)): os.mkdir(os.path.dirname(my_filePath)) # method 2: these 2 lines create all the needed folders forming the path try: os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(my_filePath)) except OSError: pass # method 3: all in one check and create if needed, like method 2 but not need try and except since it will be ok for exist os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(output_path), exist_ok=True)
# write raw data and read raw data os.getcwd() import json def writeDataFile(data, file): with open(file, 'w') as f: json.dump(data, f) def readDataFile(file): with open(file) as f: data = json.load(f) return data # write dictionary data and read dictionary data import csv def writeDictFile(dict, file): w = csv.writer(open("output.csv", "w")) for key, val in dict.items(): w.writerow([key, val]) def readDictFile(file): dict = {} for key, val in csv.reader(open(file)): dict[key] = val return dict
############### UTF-8 content write ############# import codecs txt=u"<table border=1>\n" i=0 for each in a: i=i+1; txt=txt+u"<tr><td><a href='{link}'>{title}</a></td><td>{code}</td><td>{idx}</td><tr>\n".format(link=each['link'], title=each['title'],code=each['code'], idx=i) txt=txt+u'</table>' with codecs.open('page.htm',mode='w',encoding='utf-8') as f: f.write(txt)
for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(srcPath): to_mkdir = os.path.join(tgtPath, dirpath[1+len(srcPath):]) if not os.path.isdir(to_mkdir): os.mkdir(to_mkdir) os.startfile(tgtPath) # show result folder
def app(opt): if opt == 'Noter': import threading th = threading.Thread(target = run_noter) th.start() def run_noter(): import Noter Noter.main()
python -m pip install --upgrade pip wheel setuptools
python -m pip install package_name
REM pip app is at PythonAppDir/Scripts REM make sure that wheel is in 32/64bit matching your python 32/64bit version pip install C:/some-dir/some-file.whl
python.exe -m pip install --target=D:\my_path\plot_lib matplotlib
python setup.py install
to ask python to automatically install it into your python site-package directory
import sys;myPath='/YourPath/ToTheFolderOrFile/';myPath in sys.path or sys.path.append(myPath)
set PYTHONPATH=%PYTHONPATH%;D:\Dev\PyQT
# check whether a module has that attribute if hasattr(QtGui, 'QTabWidget'): print("yes") # try get a function from a module and with fallback option resultFunc = getattr(MyClass, "function_A_name", default_function_if_not_found_A) # check imported module name dictionary if 'MyModule' in sys.modules: print('yes')
# import PySide __import__('PySide') # same as from PySide import QtNetwork as Net qtModeList = ("PySide", "PyQt4", "PySide2", "PyQt5") qtMode = 0 Net = getattr( __import__(qtModeList[qtMode], fromlist=['QtNetwork']), 'QtNetwork')
import os,sys os.path.join(sys.path[0], '..') in sys.path or sys.path.insert(1, os.path.join(sys.path[0], '..')) import my_module_at_current_file_parent_dir
import pyaudio p = pyaudio.PyAudio() for i in range(p.get_device_count()): print p.get_device_info_by_index(i).get('name')
m = hashlib.md5() m.update(user_input_text) # a sample hash code example if m.hexdigest() != '88888888888888888888888888888888': return
getpass.getuser()
glob.glob(os.path.join(cur_path,prefix)+'_v???.[Mm][abAB]') # get all file named prefix variable _v001 like ma/mb file
# lock down file for user, group, other readonly os.chmod(filePath, stat.S_IRUSR | stat.S_IRGRP | stat.S_IROTH)
time.strftime('%Y/%m/%d %H:%M') # 1980/12/31 23:55 format
subprocess.Popen([r'notepad.exe', r'D:\zTmp\coder.py']);print('ok')
subprocess.call('nircmd.exe win close class "CabinetWClass"') subprocess.call(r'notepad.exe D:\zTmp\coder.py');print('ok') subprocess.Popen([r'notepad.exe', r'D:\zTmp\coder.py']).wait();print('ok') os.system(r'notepad.exe D:\zTmp\coder.py');print('ok')
if os.path.isdir(folderPath): if sys.platform == 'darwin': try: subprocess.check_call(['open', '--', folderPath]) except subprocess.CalledProcessError: pass # handle errors in the called executable except OSError: pass # executable not found elif sys.platform == 'linux2': try: subprocess.check_call(['xdg-open', folderPath]) except subprocess.CalledProcessError: pass # handle errors in the called executable except OSError: pass # executable not found elif sys.platform in ['win32','win64']: try: subprocess.check_call(['explorer', folderPath.replace("/","\\")]) except subprocess.CalledProcessError: pass # handle errors in the called executable except OSError: pass # executable not found
appName = 'googledrivesync.exe' info=subprocess.Popen('tasklist.exe /FO CSV /FI "IMAGENAME eq {0}"'.format(appName),stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) out, err = info.communicate() #out = str(out) # for py3 byte convert out = out.decode('ascii') result = [ x for x in out.replace('"','').split('\r\n') if x !='' ] if len(result)>1 and result[1].startswith(appName): print('process found: '+appName) else: subprocess.Popen([r'D:\path_to_app\googledrivesync.exe'])
if sys.platform in ['win32','win64']: os.startfile(filePath) elif sys.platform == 'darwin': os.open(filePath) elif sys.platform == 'linux2': os.xdg-open(filePath)
subprocess.Popen([r'D:\App\Python27\python.exe',r'D:\Dev\Pipeline\PyDesktop\CompFolder\CompFolder.py']) subprocess.Popen([r'D:\Dev\Pipeline\PyDesktop\CompFolder\CompFolder.bat']) # force it to open in new console window instead of inside parent console window subprocess.Popen([r'D:\Dev\Pipeline\PyDesktop\CompFolder\CompFolder.bat'], creationflags=subprocess.CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE) # if above method failed because PATH or PYTHONPATH issue, especially when call like above in a mixed python environment like Maya, # you need to use a clean copy of environment, like this Example env2={} env2['PATH']='''C:\Windows\system32 D:\App\Python27 D:\App\Python27\Lib\site-packages\PyQt4 D:\App\Python27\lib\site-packages\pywin32_system32 '''.replace('\n',';') env2['PYTHONPATH']='''D:\App\Python27\python27.zip D:\App\Python27\DLLs D:\App\Python27\lib D:\App\Python27\lib\plat-win D:\App\Python27\lib\lib-tk D:\App\Python27 D:\App\Python27\lib\site-packages D:\App\Python27\lib\site-packages\win32 D:\App\Python27\lib\site-packages\win32\lib D:\App\Python27\lib\site-packages\Pythonwin '''.replace('\n',';') subprocess.Popen([r'D:\App\Python27\python.exe',r'D:\Dev\Pipeline\PyDesktop\CompFolder\CompFolder.py'], env=env2) subprocess.Popen([r'D:\Dev\Pipeline\PyDesktop\CompFolder\CompFolder.bat'], env=env2)
# hide popup console for win platform only startupinfo = subprocess.STARTUPINFO() startupinfo.dwFlags |= 1 #subprocess.STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW # startupinfo.wShowWindow = subprocess.SW_HIDE #(optional) info=subprocess.Popen( '{0}'.format(app_path),stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, startupinfo=startupinfo) out, err = info.communicate() out = out.decode('ascii') #str(out) # for py3 byte convert
# capture group and non-capture group: # http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3512471/what-is-a-non-capturing-group-what-does-a-question-mark-followed-by-a-colon re.findall('([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)_atn(?:Msg)?', 'test_atn') # return ['test'] re.findall('([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)_atn(?:Msg)?', 'test_atnMsg') # return ['test'] # since we only need the prefix, the Msg group is to test exisits
cx_Freeze: compile to exe, app, bin
PyInstaller: compile py into binary, deeper than cx_Freeze,
# cmd install python -m pip install pyinstaller # compile, cd to your py file first, you may need copy your supporting folder to dist path after compile python.exe -m PyInstaller MyApp.py # no terminal version python.exe -m PyInstaller MyApp.py --noconsole # set app binary icon python.exe -m PyInstaller MyApp.py --icon=icons/MyApp.ico # exclude tk and tcl library python.exe -m PyInstaller MyApp.py --icon=icons/MyApp.ico --exclude-module=FixTk --exclude-module=tk --exclude-module=tcl --exclude-module=_tkinter --exclude-module=tkinter --exclude-module=Tkinter # for mac, if failed to build on pyconfig.h # - fix pyconfig.h; by cmd: sudo touch /Library/Python/3.8/include/pyconfig.h python.exe -m PyInstaller MyApp.py --icon=icons/MyApp.icns python.exe -m PyInstaller MyApp.py --icon=icons/MyApp.icns -w --onefile # cmd+i to check app info, and drag icns file to app/folder icon logo to set the icon # manually turn folder into app, just add .app behind folder name, folder name must be same as main binary file # when run result mac app on other computer, if security stop it run like "app is damaged", run this command on created app or app folder xattr -cr "/Applications/MyAppFileorMyAppFolder.app"
uncompyle2: convert pyc to py (python 2.7 code support only)
https://github.com/wibiti/uncompyle2
# in the init file main('/pyc_file_dir/', '/pyc_file_dir_decompile_dir/', ['that_pyc_file.pyc'], [])
python -m pip --version
sudo pip install --upgrade pip # or python -m pip install --upgrade pip
| all data file | (?!(.*[.]db)|(^Keyboard$)|(^[.].*)) |
|---|---|
| all maya file | [^.].+(.ma|.mb|.abc|.xml|.fbx) |
def convert(name, gap='_'): s1 = re.sub('(.)([A-Z][a-z]+)', r'\1'+gap+r'\2', name) # separate more generic AAAABc case to AAAA Bc return re.sub('([a-z0-9])([A-Z])', r'\1'+gap+r'\2', s1) # main conversion #get2HTTPResponseCode > get2_HTTP_Response_Code def convert2(name, gap='_'): return re.sub('((?<=[a-z0-9])[A-Z]|(?!^)[A-Z](?=[a-z]))', gap+r'\1', name) # main conversion
import requests result = requests.get('http://my_site/my_page', timeout=5) print(result.text)
result = requests.post('http://my_site/my_page', data={'site_username_field_name': 'your_name', 'site_password_field_name': 'your_pass'}) print(result.text)
with requests.Session() as session: # first time login, reply = session.post('http://site/login_page', data={'site_username_field_name': 'your_name', 'site_password_field_name': 'your_pass'}) print(reply.text) # read rest login-required pages reply = session.get('http://site/other_info_page') print(reply.text)
print(session_object.headers) # user sending header info print(reply_object.headers) # server replying header info
result.content # is html in bytes result.text # is html in unicode text
requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings(requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions.InsecureRequestWarning)
python -m pip install Pillow
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageOps
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'lxml') # html byte from requests.get # find all title link text link_list = soup.find_all("a", {'class':['title', 'threadtitle_unread']} ) # or 'title' only if no multiple name_list = [x.string for x in link_list ] # text element extract link_list[0].attrs['href'] # link url element extract
from selenium import webdriver driver = webdriver.Chrome('/your_path_to_that_binary_driver/chromedriver.exe') driver.get('http://google.com') driver.implicitly_wait(20) driver.get_screenshot_as_file(r'D:\testshot.png') driver.quit()
# get css selector by right click browser's inspector view, right click on html element to copy css selector driver.find_element_by_css_selector('.jsb > center:nth-child(1) > input:nth-child(1)') # path method driver.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@name="btnk"]')
# note, that displayMousePosition require 3rd party library # * PIL (Py2.x only, adapted by Pillow) > PIL.ImageGrab > pyscreenze (edit line 309 with "from PIL import ImageGrab") > pyautogui http://www.pythonware.com/products/pil/ https://pypi.python.org/pypi/PyScreeze
import pyautogui as pui pos = pui.locateOnScreen('d:\\zTmp\\test_build.png') pui.click( (pos[0]+pos[2]*0.5 , pos[1]+pos[3]*0.5) )
* tip and ref:
https://sourceforge.net/projects/pywin32/files/pywin32/ (or) python -m pip install pypiwin32
import win32com from win32com import client def get_explorer_list(): # win32com: get folder windows in taskbar order; return [(title, hwnd int, addressbar url, [top,left,w,h], vis)] shell = client.Dispatch("Shell.Application") win_list = shell.Windows() result_list = [] for win in win_list: info = [] info.append(win.LocationName) # title name info.append(win.hwnd) # handle value as int info.append(win.LocationURL) # address bar url, eg. file:///C:/Users/Test/Downloads info.append([win.Top, win.Left, win.width, win.height]) # win pixel position info.append(win.visible) # visible info.append(win) # com object result_list.append(info) return result_list ''' full list of property ['ReadyState', 'Busy', 'Container', 'Silent', 'Top', 'RegisterAsDropTarget', 'LocationName', 'Application', 'Offline', 'Document', 'Type', 'ToolBar', 'MenuBar', 'FullScreen', 'Parent', 'TheaterMode', 'Path', 'Name', 'RegisterAsBrowser', 'StatusText', 'Left', 'TopLevelContainer', 'Resizable', 'Width', 'StatusBar', 'HWND', 'Height', 'Visible', 'FullName', 'LocationURL', 'AddressBar'] '''
# ref: # https://win32com.goermezer.de/microsoft/windows/find-selected-files-in-windows-explorer.html # https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/bb787810(v=vs.85).aspx def get_selection_list(win): # win32com: get selection item detail from win COM object item_list = [] folderItems = win.Document.SelectedItems() for i in range(folderItems.Count): tmp_info = [] tmp_info.append(folderItems.Item(i).path) # C:\Users\Test\Downloads\example.zip tmp_info.append(folderItems.Item(i).name) tmp_info.append(folderItems.Item(i).isFolder) tmp_info.append(folderItems.Item(i).size) tmp_info.append(folderItems.Item(i).type) item_list.append(tmp_info) return item_list
# control the window COM object to go to a location win.Navigate('file:///C:/Users/Test/Desktop') win.Busy # a check for still in processing # check visibile and make full screen win.FullScreen =1 # make first windows explorer full screen
# get system dir and oShell = win32com.client.Dispatch("Wscript.Shell") print(oShell.SpecialFolders("Desktop")) # change drive letter # ref: http://timgolden.me.uk/python/win32_how_do_i/change-a-drive-letter.html # create windows shortcut and read it shortcut = shell.CreateShortCut("t:\\test.lnk") shortcut.Targetpath = "D:\\tmp" shortcut.save() shortcut = shell.CreateShortCut("t:\\test.lnk") print(shortcut.Targetpath) # get single screen resolution and total screen # ref: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms724385(v=vs.85).aspx import win32api w=win32api.GetSystemMetrics(0) # primary screen width h=win32api.GetSystemMetrics(1) # primary screen height vw = win32api.GetSystemMetrics(78) # total screen area width vh = win32api.GetSystemMetrics(79) # total screen area height print('screen resolution: {0}x{1}'.format(w,h)) print('virtual area resolution: {0}x{1}'.format(vw,vh))
def get_win_order_all(): # ctype: grab folder windows in z order, return [(title, class, [x,y,w,h], hwnd int)] from ctypes import wintypes order_list = [] result_list = [] top = ctypes.windll.user32.GetTopWindow(None) if not top: return order_list length = ctypes.windll.user32.GetWindowTextLengthW(top) buff = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(length + 1) ctypes.windll.user32.GetWindowTextW(top, buff, length + 1) class_name = ctypes.create_string_buffer(200) ctypes.windll.user32.GetClassNameA(top, ctypes.byref(class_name), 200) r=ctypes.wintypes.RECT() ctypes.windll.user32.GetWindowRect(top,ctypes.byref(r)) # class_name.value in py3 is byte, while py2 is string if isinstance(class_name.value, str): result_list.append( [buff.value, class_name.value, [r.left,r.top,r.right-r.left,r.bottom-r.top], top ]) else: result_list.append( [buff.value, class_name.value.decode('ascii'), [r.left,r.top,r.right-r.left,r.bottom-r.top], top ]) order_list.append(top) while True: next = ctypes.windll.user32.GetWindow(order_list[-1], 2) # win32con.GW_HWNDNEXT if not next: break length = ctypes.windll.user32.GetWindowTextLengthW(next) buff = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(length + 1) ctypes.windll.user32.GetWindowTextW(next, buff, length + 1) class_name = ctypes.create_string_buffer(200) ctypes.windll.user32.GetClassNameA(next, ctypes.byref(class_name), 200) r=ctypes.wintypes.RECT() ctypes.windll.user32.GetWindowRect(next,ctypes.byref(r)) # class_name.value in py3 is byte, while py2 is string if isinstance(class_name.value, str): result_list.append( [buff.value, class_name.value, [r.left,r.top,r.right-r.left,r.bottom-r.top], next] ) else: result_list.append( [buff.value, class_name.value.decode('ascii'), [r.left,r.top,r.right-r.left,r.bottom-r.top], next] ) order_list.append(next) return result_list full_list = get_win_order_all() visible_list = [x for x in full_list if ctypes.windll.user32.IsWindowVisible(x[-1])] # visible list is actually more useful, 10+ instead 100+ items explorer_list = [x for x in visible if x[1]=='CabinetWClass'] firefox_list = [x for x in visible if x[1]=='MozillaWindowClass']
def get_win_order_v2(): # ctypes # ref: https://sjohannes.wordpress.com/2012/03/23/win32-python-getting-all-window-titles/ # info (title, class_name, hwnd) window_list = [] # propare windows list passing def window_info_process(hwnd, lParam): if ctypes.windll.user32.IsWindowVisible(hwnd): length = ctypes.windll.user32.GetWindowTextLengthW(hwnd) buff = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(length + 1) ctypes.windll.user32.GetWindowTextW(hwnd, buff, length + 1) class_name = ctypes.create_string_buffer(200) ctypes.windll.user32.GetClassNameA(hwnd, ctypes.byref(class_name), 200) t_class_name = class_name.value if not isinstance(t_class_name, str): t_class_name = class_name.value.decode('ascii') # py3 fix if t_class_name == 'CabinetWClass': window_list.append( [ buff.value, t_class_name, hwnd ]) return True procObj = ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_bool, ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_int), ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_int)) # execute it ctypes.windll.user32.EnumWindows(procObj(window_info_process), 0) return window_list
''' ref: http://timgolden.me.uk/python/win32_how_do_i/find-the-window-for-my-subprocess.html Window handle → process ID: GetWindowThreadProcessId Process ID → process handle: OpenProcess Process handle → executable path: QueryFullProcessImageName (compare this with your target) Close the process handle: CloseHandle ref: http://www.mengwuji.net/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=1432 Windows 2000 = GetModuleFileName() Windows XP x32 = GetProcessImageFileName() Windows XP x64 = GetProcessImageFileName() Windows Vista = QueryFullProcessImageName() Windows 7 = QueryFullProcessImageName() ref: uisoup - utils : https://pypi.python.org/pypi/UISoup https://programtalk.com/python-examples/ctypes.windll.user32.GetWindowThreadProcessId/ https://pypkg.com/pypi/pywinauto/f/pywinauto/win32functions.py ''' def get_win_pid(hwnd): cur_pid = ctypes.c_long() ctypes.windll.user32.GetWindowThreadProcessId(hwnd, ctypes.byref(cur_pid)) return cur_pid def get_process_path(pid): PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION = 0x0400 max_unicode_path = 32767 * 2 + 200 file_path_buffer = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(max_unicode_path) length_path = ctypes.c_ulong(max_unicode_path) pHandle = ctypes.windll.kernel32.OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, False, pid) # won't get admin process if not as admin retval = ctypes.windll.kernel32.QueryFullProcessImageNameW(pHandle, 0, file_path_buffer, ctypes.byref(length_path)) if retval == 0: raise Exception('QueryFullProcessImageNameW failed') #ctypes.windll.kernel32.CloseHandle(pHandle) return file_path_buffer.value def get_win_path(hwnd): return get_process_path(get_win_pid(hwnd)) def get_win_rect(hwnd): from ctypes import wintypes r=ctypes.wintypes.RECT() ctypes.windll.user32.GetWindowRect(hwnd,ctypes.byref(r)) return [r.left,r.top,r.right-r.left,r.bottom-r.top] def get_win_title(hwnd): length = ctypes.windll.user32.GetWindowTextLengthW(hwnd) title_buffer = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(length + 1) ctypes.windll.user32.GetWindowTextW(hwnd, title_buffer, length + 1) return title_buffer.value # AE CS6: AE_CApplication_11.0 def get_win_class(hwnd): class_name = ctypes.create_string_buffer(200) ctypes.windll.user32.GetClassNameA(hwnd, ctypes.byref(class_name), 200) t_class_name = class_name.value if not isinstance(t_class_name, str): t_class_name = class_name.value.decode('ascii') # py3 fix return t_class_name def is_win_top(hwnd): top_hwnd = ctypes.windll.user32.GetTopWindow(None) return hwnd == top_hwnd def get_win_list(visible=1, orderMethod=0): # both method get result # orderMethod uses : ctypes.windll.user32.GetTopWindow # callBackMethod uses: ctypes.windll.user32.EnumWindows win_list = [] if orderMethod: order_list = [] top = ctypes.windll.user32.GetTopWindow(None) if not top: return win_list visible_info = ctypes.windll.user32.IsWindowVisible(top) win_list.append( [ top, visible_info ]) order_list.append(top) while True: next = ctypes.windll.user32.GetWindow(order_list[-1], 2) # win32con.GW_HWNDNEXT if not next: break visible_info = ctypes.windll.user32.IsWindowVisible(next) win_list.append( [next, visible_info] ) # hwnd: as int order_list.append(next) else: # propare windows list passing def window_info_process(hwnd, lParam): visible_info = ctypes.windll.user32.IsWindowVisible(hwnd) win_list.append( [ hwnd, visible_info ]) #hwnd: as LP_c_long return True # ref: http://makble.com/the-story-of-lpclong # function 1: this will get as LP_c_long as hwnd #procObj = ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_bool, ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_int), ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_int)) # function 2: this will get int as hwnd like other win32api function procObj = ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_bool, ctypes.c_int, ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_int)) # execute it ctypes.windll.user32.EnumWindows(procObj(window_info_process), 0) if visible: return [x for x in win_list if x[1]] return win_list
# my_hwnd can be a int or a ctypes int pointer # full function ref: http://www.jasinskionline.com/windowsapi/ref/funca.html # bring window to bring ctypes.windll.user32.SetForegroundWindow(my_hwnd) # close window WM_CLOSE = 0x0010 ctypes.windll.user32.PostMessageA(my_hwnd, WM_CLOSE, 0, 0) # get window x,y,w,h from ctypes import wintypes r=ctypes.wintypes.RECT() ctypes.windll.user32.GetWindowRect(my_hwnd,ctypes.byref(r)) print( [r.left,r.top,r.right-r.left,r.bottom-r.top] ) # move window by x,y,w,h and refresh ctypes.windll.user32.MoveWindow(my_hwnd, 0, 0, 760, 500, True)
# get mouse position class POINT(ctypes.Structure): _fields_ = [("x", ctypes.c_ulong), ("y", ctypes.c_ulong)] pt = POINT() ctypes.windll.user32.GetCursorPos(ctypes.byref(pt)) print('{0} {1}'.format(pt.x,pt.y)) ctypes.windll.user32.SetCursorPos(1200, 850) # move cursor to 1200,850 (x,y) ctypes.windll.user32.mouse_event(2, 0, 0, 0,0) # left mouse button down ctypes.windll.user32.mouse_event(4, 0, 0, 0,0) # left mouse button up
def getWallpaper(): SPI_GETDESKWALLPAPER = 0x0000073 # try: # win32con.SPI_GETDESKWALLPAPER # except AttributeError, attributeError: # raise WinDesktopError, "getWallpaper() not supported on this OS" wallpaper = ctypes.c_buffer("\000" * 256) ctypes.windll.user32.SystemParametersInfoA(SPI_GETDESKWALLPAPER, len(wallpaper), ctypes.byref(wallpaper), 0) return wallpaper.value def setWallpaper(wallpaperPath, conversionPath=None): # Convert to bitmap if necessary wallpaperImage = Image.open(wallpaperPath) if wallpaperImage.format != 'BMP': conversionPath = conversionPath or os.getenv('SystemRoot') wallpaperPath = os.path.join(conversionPath, os.path.splitext(os.path.split(wallpaperPath)[-1])[0] + '.bmp') wallpaperImage.save(wallpaperPath) # Set wallpaper wallpaperPath = ctypes.c_buffer(wallpaperPath) ctypes.windll.user32.SystemParametersInfoA(win32con.SPI_SETDESKWALLPAPER, 0, wallpaperPath, 0)
import ctypes SPI_SETDESKWALLPAPER=20 ctypes.windll.user32.SystemParametersInfoA(SPI_SETDESKWALLPAPER, 0, r"D:\Rec\bg2.jpg",0)
ctypes.windll.shell32.SetCurrentProcessExplicitAppUserModelID('com.app.1.0')
print(ctypes.windll.shell32.IsUserAnAdmin())
# get screen count screen_cnt = ctypes.windll.user32.GetSystemMetrics(80) # get screen resolution screen_x, screen_y = ( ctypes.windll.user32.GetSystemMetrics(78), ctypes.windll.user32.GetSystemMetrics(79) )
file and folder operation
drive_list_data = ctypes.cdll.msvcrt._getdrives() # binary mask in decimal format mask_list = list( '{0:b}'.format(drive_list) )[::-1] A_code = 65 # ascii code of letter A drive_letter_in_use = [ chr(A_code+i) for i in range(len(mask_list)) if mask_list[i]=='1' ]
my_filePath = u'C:\\Users\\Public\\Pictures\\Sample Pictures\\Koala.jpg' ctypes.windll.shell32.ShellExecuteW(None, u'open', u'explorer.exe', u'/n,/select,'+my_filePath, None, 1)
import time import ctypes import ctypes.wintypes SEE_MASK_NOCLOSEPROCESS = 0x00000040 SEE_MASK_INVOKEIDLIST = 0x0000000C class SHELLEXECUTEINFO(ctypes.Structure): _fields_ = ( ("cbSize",ctypes.wintypes.DWORD), ("fMask",ctypes.c_ulong), ("hwnd",ctypes.wintypes.HANDLE), ("lpVerb",ctypes.c_char_p), ("lpFile",ctypes.c_char_p), ("lpParameters",ctypes.c_char_p), ("lpDirectory",ctypes.c_char_p), ("nShow",ctypes.c_int), ("hInstApp",ctypes.wintypes.HINSTANCE), ("lpIDList",ctypes.c_void_p), ("lpClass",ctypes.c_char_p), ("hKeyClass",ctypes.wintypes.HKEY), ("dwHotKey",ctypes.wintypes.DWORD), ("hIconOrMonitor",ctypes.wintypes.HANDLE), ("hProcess",ctypes.wintypes.HANDLE), ) ShellExecuteEx = ctypes.windll.shell32.ShellExecuteEx ShellExecuteEx.restype = ctypes.wintypes.BOOL sei = SHELLEXECUTEINFO() sei.cbSize = ctypes.sizeof(sei) sei.fMask = SEE_MASK_NOCLOSEPROCESS | SEE_MASK_INVOKEIDLIST sei.lpVerb = "properties" sei.lpFile = 'C:\\Users\\Public\\Pictures\\Sample Pictures\\Koala.jpg' sei.nShow = 1 ShellExecuteEx(ctypes.byref(sei)) time.sleep(5)
import ctypes def get_clipboard_text(): ctypes.windll.kernel32.GlobalLock.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p] ctypes.windll.kernel32.GlobalLock.restype = ctypes.c_void_p ctypes.windll.kernel32.GlobalUnlock.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p] ctypes.windll.user32.GetClipboardData.restype = ctypes.c_void_p ctypes.windll.user32.OpenClipboard(0) try: if ctypes.windll.user32.IsClipboardFormatAvailable(1): data = ctypes.windll.user32.GetClipboardData(1) data_locked = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GlobalLock(data) text = ctypes.c_char_p(data_locked) value = text.value ctypes.windll.kernel32.GlobalUnlock(data_locked) return value finally: ctypes.windll.user32.CloseClipboard() # test print(get_clipboard_text())
python -m pip install django
def excel2Dict(filename): # import openpyxl # max_row = sheet.max_row # max_column = sheet.max_column wb = openpyxl.load_workbook(filename=filename, read_only=True) records = [] for sheet in wb.worksheets: count = 0 keys = [] for row in sheet.rows: temp = [] for cell in row: if count == 0: keys.append(str(cell.value)) else: temp.append(str(cell.value)) if count > 0: records.append( dict(zip(keys, temp)) ) # else: count += 1 return records
def excel2Data(filename): # import openpyxl wb = openpyxl.load_workbook(filename=filename, read_only=True, data_only=True) sheet_data = [] for sheet in wb.worksheets: table_data = [] for row in sheet.values: row_data = [] for cell in row: if cell is not None: row_data.append(cell) if len(row_data)>0: table_data.append(row_data) sheet_data.append(table_data) return sheet_data
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ # Example 1 dict = {} dict['seq']={} for each in 'aa bb cc dd'.split(): dict['seq'][each]=[] list_aa = dict['seq']['aa'] # passing by reference!!! for i in [1,2,3,4,5]: list_aa.append(i) print dict # affect both list_aa and dict temp_list = dict['seq']['aa'] temp_list.append(22) # you are not get a copy of dict entry, but affect orginal dict as well print temp_list print dict # changed ------- because it is a operation # ref: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2612802/how-to-clone-or-copy-a-list-in-python temp_list2 = dict['seq']['aa'][:] # actually duplicate the value out, the fastest way temp_list2.append(55) print temp_list2 print dict # stay same #~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ # Example 2 locs = [ [1], [2] ] for loc in locs: # passing by values !!! loc = [] print locs # stay same for loc in locs: loc[0] = loc[0] * 2 print locs # changed ------- because it is a operation #~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ # Example 3 a=1 b=a b=2 print a # stay the same a=[1] b=a b=[2] print a # stay the same a=[1] b=a b.append(2) print a # changed ------- because it is a operation # thus: assignment will not change original one, but operation will change original one a=[1,2,3] b=a c=[4,5,6] b=c print a # stay the same a=[1,2, [3.1,3.2,3.3] ] b=a[2] c=[4,5,6] b=c print a # stay the same a=[1,2, [3.1,3.2,3.3] ] b=a[2] b=[4,5,6] print a # stay the same a={'first':[3.1,3.2,3.3] } b=a['first'] b=[4,5,6] print a # stay the same a={'first':[3.1,3.2,3.3] } b=a['first'] b[0]=4 print a # changed ------- because it is a operation a=[1,2, [3.1,3.2,3.3] ] b=a[2][:] # fast copy c=[4,5,6] b=c print a # stay the same #~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ # example 4: # ref: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1132941/least-astonishment-in-python-the-mutable-default-argument # explain: http://effbot.org/zone/default-values.htm def foo(a=[]): a.append(5) return a foo() # changed every time ######################################## # reference ''' # ref: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9696495/python-when-is-a-variable-passed-by-reference-and-when-by-value Everything in Python is passed and assigned by value (like Java) Every value in Python is a reference (pointer) to an object. Objects cannot be values. Assignment always copies the value (which is a pointer); two such pointers can thus point to the same object. Objects are never copied unless you're doing something explicit to copy them. # ref: http://python.net/~goodger/projects/pycon/2007/idiomatic/handout.html#other-languages-have-variables ????Everything is passed by object. Rebinding and mutating are different operations '''
| comment | # |
|---|---|
| string | var=“string” |
| long string | varL='''\ whatever ''' |
| raw string | r“Any dangerous Character here” |
| os navigation | file operation | string operation | lib | rename | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| os.chdir('/path') | cd | tfile=open('t.txt','w') | str.replace('o','n') | replace | os | system | prefix_remove_fixed | |
| os.getcwd() | tfile.write('hello') | str[2:6] | substring | glob | wildchar list | prefix_add_fixed | ||
| os.ctermid() | tfile.close() | str1+str2 | concatenate | re | regular expression | end_remove_fixed | ||
| os.uname() | tfile.read() | str(100) | string convert | end_add_fixed | ||||
| os.listdir('/path') | tfile.writeline() | prefix_remove_vary | ||||||
| os.mkdir('/path') | tfile.readline() | [a-c] [abc] | class | |||||
| os.removedirs('/path') | [^ abc] | not in class | ||||||
| os.rename(src,dst) | a* | may have | ||||||
| os.getenv('HOME') | a+ | must have one | ||||||
| a? | may have one | |||||||
| a{1,3} | May 1~3 one | |||||||
| r”str” | raw string | |||||||
| regular expression | ||||||||
Python web applications
# get wxWidget frame work, import wx # create class, since you are doing a App or a script # inheriate a python window (so-called frame) class myApp(wx.Frame): # constructor, (so-called the initialize function) def __init__(self,parent,id): wx.Frame.__init__(self,parent,id,'My Window', size=(300,200)) panel=wx.Panel(self) #bitmap button pic=wx.Image('img.bmp', wx.BITMAP_TYPE_BMP).ConvertToBitmap() myBtn=wx.BitmapButton(panel, -1, pic, pos=(10,100)) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,self.btnAct,myBtn) myBtn.SetDefault() #slider slider=wx.Slider(panel,-1,50,1,100,pos=(10,30), size=(250,-1),style=wx.SL_AUTOTICKS | wx.SL_LABELS) slider.SetTickFreq(5,1) # interval # spinner spinner=wx.SpinCtrl(panel,-1,'',pos=(10,1), size=(90,-1)) spinner.SetRange(1,100) spinner.SetValue(10) # checkbox wx.CheckBox(panel,-1,'Apples',pos=(100,1),size=(60,-1)) wx.CheckBox(panel,-1,'Orange',pos=(160,1),size=(60,-1)) wx.CheckBox(panel,-1,'Banana',pos=(220,1),size=(60,-1)) # combo box mylist=['Apple','Orange','Banana'] cbox=wx.ListBox(panel,-1,(300,1),(80,60),mylist,wx.LB_SINGLE) cbox.SetSelection(0) # event handlers def btnAct(self,event): self.Destroy() if __name__=='__main__': app=wx.PySimpleApp() # application obj frame=myClass(parent=None,id=-1) # frame obj frame.Show() # show frame app.MainLoop() # start app
#import wx.lib.agw.multidirdialog as MDD import multidirdialog as MDD def showMsg(msg): wx.MessageBox(msg, 'Info', wx.OK | wx.ICON_INFORMATION) import wx.lib.dialogs def showTxt(txt): ask = wx.lib.dialogs.ScrolledMessageDialog(None, txt, "Info") ask.ShowModal() ask.Destroy() def getInput(): tmpT="" ask = wx.TextEntryDialog( None, 'Your input:', 'Input', '1') if ask.ShowModal() == wx.ID_OK: print "Input: %s\n" % ask.GetValue() tmpT = ask.GetValue() ask.Destroy() return tmpT def getFolder(): tmpPath="" dialog = wx.DirDialog ( None, message = 'Select a directory.' ) if dialog.ShowModal() == wx.ID_OK: print 'Directory:', dialog.GetPath() tmpPath = dialog.GetPath() else: print 'No directory.' dialog.Destroy() return tmpPath def getFolders(): tmpPaths="" ask = MDD.MultiDirDialog(None, title="Select folders:", defaultPath='', agwStyle=0) if ask.ShowModal() == wx.ID_OK: tmpPaths = ask.GetPaths() print "You chose the following file(s):" for path in tmpPaths: print path ask.Destroy() return tmpPaths def getFile(): tmpPaths="" wildcard = "Python source (*.py)|*.py|" "All files (*.*)|*.*" ask = wx.FileDialog(None, message="Choose a file", defaultDir="", defaultFile="", wildcard=wildcard,style=wx.OPEN | wx.MULTIPLE | wx.CHANGE_DIR) if ask.ShowModal() == wx.ID_OK: tmpPaths = ask.GetPaths() print "Select file(s):" for path in tmpPaths: print path ask.Destroy() return tmpPaths def saveFile(): tmpPaths="" wildcard = "Python source (*.py)|*.py|" "All files (*.*)|*.*" ask = wx.FileDialog(None, message="Save As", defaultDir="", defaultFile="", wildcard=wildcard,style=wx.SAVE) if ask.ShowModal() == wx.ID_OK: tmpPath = ask.GetPath() print "Save file:", tmpPath ask.Destroy() return tmpPath def getColor(): ask = wx.ColourDialog(None) ask.GetColourData().SetChooseFull(True) if ask.ShowModal() == wx.ID_OK: data = ask.GetColourData() print 'You selected: %s\n' % str(data.GetColour().Get(includeAlpha=False)) ask.Destroy() return data.GetColour().Get(includeAlpha=False) def getChoice(): tmpC="" ask = wx.SingleChoiceDialog( None, "Select a choice", 'The direction', ["Up", "Down", "Left", "Right"], wx.CHOICEDLG_STYLE ) if ask.ShowModal() == wx.ID_OK: tmpC = ask.GetStringSelection() print 'Choice: %s\n' % ask.GetStringSelection() ask.Destroy() return tmpC def getChoices(): tmpCs=[] list = ["Photo", "Movie", "Docs"] ask = wx.MultiChoiceDialog( None, "Select the choices", "wx.MultiChoiceDialog", list) if (ask.ShowModal() == wx.ID_OK): selections = ask.GetSelections() strings = [list[x] for x in selections] print "You chose:" + str(strings) tmpCs = strings ask.Destroy() return tmpCs application = wx.PySimpleApp()
Workflow on portable python
Standard Install Python 3.8
pip3 install PySide2 --user
chmod 755 App_V9.command
python -m SimpleHTTPServer 8181
from decimal import Decimal; a = Decimal(0.01)
import pywhatkit pywhatkit.sendwhatmsg_instantly("+88123456",auto_url,10,True,3) # wait 10s to ui response, close tab true after 3s, # you need to close tab as whatsapp web only allow 1 window active
my_drive = None def drive_setup(): from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By my_drive = webdriver.Chrome() phone_no = "+881234567" # target phone or your own phone as target my_drive.get(f'https://web.whatsapp.com/send?phone={phone_no}&text=') def drive_msg(in_text): from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By if my_drive is None: return else: chat_box = my_drive.find_element(by=By.XPATH, value='/html/body/div[1]/div/div/div[4]/div/footer/div[1]/div/span[2]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div/div/p') chat_box.send_keys(in_text) send_button = my_drive.find_element(by=By.CSS_SELECTOR, value='[data-icon="send"]') send_button.click()
Telegram
import requests the_key = "api_key" url = "https://api.telegram.org/bot{0}/getUpdates".format(the_key) response = requests.get(url) result = response.json() print(result)
result['result'] # the list of all chat spec your bot received, yours is likely the first one. my_chat_info = result['result'] my_msg_info = my_chat_info[0]['message'] # it got info of: chat, date, from, message_id, text my_chat_id = my_msg_info['chat']['id']
reply_text = 'hello world' url = "https://api.telegram.org/bot{key}/sendMessage?chat_id={id}&text={reply}".format(**{'key':the_key, 'id':my_chat_id,'reply':reply_text}) response = requests.get(url)
result = response.json() send_state = result['ok'] send_result = result['result'] # chat (first_name, id, type); date:int; message_id; text