====== Ubuntu 16 and 17 ======

===== Get Running Guide =====

  * install pip, if the python is 2.7, install pip3 if the python is 3.5 or above <code bash>sudo apt install python-pip</code>
  * install PyQt4 if 2.7 or PyQt5 if 3.5 above <code bash>
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install pyqt4-dev-tools
</code>
  * install QtCreator (Qt5 + Cpp) ([[http://www.lucidarme.me/?p=4061|ref]]) <code bash>
sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install qtcreator
sudo apt-get install qt5-default
</code>
  * to run QtCreator <code bash>qtcreator</code>
  * QtCreator tutorial: 
    * Adding/Setting up Android into Qt Creator  
      * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQUGBQ_yzdc
      * https://www.packtpub.com/books/content/setting-qt-creator-android
      * http://doc.qt.io/qtcreator/creator-deploying-android.html
      * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WFGRr0DV3oM

====== Install App with Ubuntu Software ======

  * Before you install App, in the Ubuntu Software menu > Software and Update, make sure Download From drop down list choose the server in or close to your location. so that install and all process is faster.


===== Developer Tool =====

^ code editor | notepadqq |
^ C# | MonoDevelop |


**VSCode**
  * ref: https://code.visualstudio.com/Download
  * (optional if you have curl) <code bash>sudo apt-get install curl</code>
  * install code from cmd (https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/setup/linux) <code bash>curl https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | gpg --dearmor > microsoft.gpg
sudo mv microsoft.gpg /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/microsoft.gpg
sudo sh -c 'echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/vscode stable main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/vscode.list'
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install code
</code>
  * reboot and launch with <code bash>code</code>
  * install git for code <code bash>sudo apt-get install git</code>

===== Graphic App Install =====

^ 3D app | Blender |
^ 2D app | Krita |
^ Video Editor | KDEnLive |

===== Utility App Install =====

^ FTP | FileZilla |
^ Local Transfer | Dukto |
| | <code>sudo apt-get install gdebi
wget download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/colomboem/xUbuntu_12.04/amd64/dukto_6.0-1_amd64.deb
sudo gdebi dukto_6.0-1_amd64.deb
rm dukto_6.0-1_amd64.deb
echo "Now Dukto is in your app list"
</code> |
===== Install App with apt-get Command =====

  * Ubuntu software can be buggy and server connection may be slow;
  * apt-get command way of install App can be stable and you can see exactly what is going on

**Install Git**
  * command <code bash>sudo apt-get install git</code>
  * git usage example, get a clone copy of a github folder <code bash>git clone https://github.com/ninja-ide/ninja-ide</code>

**Install KDE or MATE desktop environment**
  * KDE desktop environment installation, instead of default GNOME <code bash>sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop</code>
  * MATE desktop environment (17.10) and choose lightdm as display manager <code bash>sudo apt install -y ubuntu-mate-desktop</code>
    * ref: https://www.hiroom2.com/2017/11/23/ubuntu-1710-mate-en/
====== Custom Folder Location in Linux ======

===== Step 1 - Understand Linux Directory =====

  * full graphic guide on Linux directory hierarchy: https://www.blackmoreops.com/2015/02/14/linux-file-system-hierarchy/ \\ {{:techwiki:ubuntu:linux-file-system-hierarchy-linux-file-structure-optimized.jpg|}}



  * other than your Home folder /home/your_name/ (~), you may want to put thing in a custom folder, like D:/ drive in your windows system,
  * As you know, Linux / root directory is like your C:/ drive, all system folders are there and not for your to change (aka Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) for linux)
    * those system folders are very short-named for faster typing on old slow computers 40 years ago
    * ref: http://tldp.org/LDP/Linux-Filesystem-Hierarchy/html/

^ Linux | Windows |
^ Super User (root) ||
| /root | main OS like Windows folder |
| /sbin | system binary, like System32 in windows |
^ Normal User ||
| /bin | system command binary, includes bash, mv,rm; \Windows\System32\ or \Windows\SysWOW64 |
^ system ||
| boot | boot loader | 
| lib | kernel modules and library |
| mnt | partition path |
| media | removable storage path |
| dev | device drivers |
| proc | system info and status folder |
| etc | configuration file for system, like etc folder in windows |
| var | log folder |
| usr | system Program Files |
| /usr/sbin | system Program Files bundled with OS |
| /usr/bin | user shared system Program Files for all users |
| opt | 3rd party Program Files for all users |
| srv | serivce folder |
^ user ^
| home | user home directory |
===== Step 2 - Create D drive like folder =====

  * command <code bash>
sudo mkdir /d
sudo chmod 777 /d
</code>


====== Technical Tips ======

===== new apt cmd vs old apt-get cmd since ubuntu 16 =====

  * ref: https://itsfoss.com/apt-vs-apt-get-difference/

^ New since U16 ^ old way ^ description ^
| apt install | apt-get install | Installs a package |
| apt remove | apt-get remove | Removes a package |
| apt purge | apt-get purge | Removes package with configuration |
| apt update | apt-get update | Refreshes repository index |
| apt upgrade | apt-get upgrade | Upgrades all upgradable packages |
| apt autoremove | apt-get autoremove | Removes unwanted packages |
| apt full-upgrade | apt-get dist-upgrade | Upgrades packages with auto-handling of dependencies |
| apt search | apt-cache search | Searches for the program |
| apt show | apt-cache show | Shows package details |
===== Screenshot with Cmd or Shortcut =====

  * screenshot cmd for a selection area (auto saved at ~/Picture folder) <code bash>gnome-screenshot -a</code>
  * ref: 
    * https://help.gnome.org/users/gnome-help/stable/screen-shot-record.html
    * https://askubuntu.com/questions/114429/default-save-directory-for-gnome-screenshot


===== USB capacity varify =====

  * install f3write and f3read tool by type: sudo apt-install f3
  * test write and read on flash mount directory <code bash>f3write /media/username/flash_drive_label_name
# after done, 
f3read /media/username/flash_drive_label_name
</code>

===== check USB device name =====

  * list device name and mount point <code bash>lsblk</code>
  * list mount point <code bash>mount</code>
  * check device plugin notice <code bash>dmesg</code>

===== Write ISO to USB =====

  - check sum for verify file corrupt <code bash>sha256sum linux_os_disk.iso</code>
  - then search online for verify the sum code is same as online provided one
  - umount usb <code bash>umount /dev/sdb1_like_part_name_for_usb</code>
  - write <code bash>dd if=linux_os_disk.iso of=/dev/sdb_like_device_Disk_name_check_above</code>
    * if you got error when boot that finished usb like "isolinux.bin missing or corrupt", means you had dd into its partition with a number instead of sdb_name_like device. use lsblk again to see the name for the DISK or PART


====== Problem and Fix ======

===== could not get dpkg lock when apt install at startup =====

  * Problem Analysis:
    * Software Updater (apt manager) is daily update at startup and lock apt.
  * Solution A:
    * change Software Updater (search in Ubuntu app manager) > Launch > Setting > Update tab > change to 2 weeks for every checking \\ {{:techwiki:ubuntu:ubuntu_update_setting.png?400|}}
  * Solution B:
    * code to change it <code bash>
sudo systemctl mask apt-daily.service
sudo systemctl mask apt-daily.timer
sudo systemctl mask apt-daily-upgrade.service
sudo systemctl mask apt-daily-upgrade.timer
</code>